When it comes to preventing financial fraud, many experts optimistically predicted that AI would serve as the “silver bullet” that could halt bad actors who aim to exploit financial institutions and businesses alike. The inclination is understandable; computers could outsmart humans trying to pull scams and catch them, all without the added layer of a perpetual risk of human error.

But that prediction hasn’t come to pass. If anything, the explosion of AI has only prompted more questions about the future of tackling fraud and scammers — especially as machine-learning-fueled scams emerge — successfully confusing consumers and fooling financial institutions once thought to be impenetrable.